About Long Term Depression

Long-term depression (LTD) is defined as weakening of a neuronal synapse that remain for hours to days and arise because of low-frequency stimulation. After decrease in synaptic effectiveness, electrical stimulation in the hippocampus may arise. LTD may also found in remote preparations of neurons from the sea slug and in the progress of conditioned reaction in the cerebellum of mice. Long-term potentiation (LTP) is the contrast development which is arises because of high frequency stimulation.

Long Term Depression Types

Long term depression is further divided into three types which are as follows.

1. Homosynaptic Long Term Depression
   
2. Heterosynaptic Long Term Depression
   
3. Associative Long Term Depression

Causes of Long Term Depression

LTD may arise because of changes in postsynaptic receptor density and presynaptic release. Calcium influx which is present in a neuron may responsible for both LTP and LTD. Small level Calcium influx give rise to LTD and large level give rise to LTP.

Treatments for Long Term Depression

• Drugs - Some antidepressant medicines are recommended for treating LTD.
  
• Electroconvulsive stimulation - Electroconvulsive therapy is used in most of the depression types because of its effectiveness and popularity. In this method electrical current is passed to the brain which helps in reducing LTD.
  
• Phone-Based Therapy - In the phone based psychotherapy therapist and patient never met but remain in contact through phone. Most of the time phone therapy is used along with antidepressant for fast recovery.

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Health Tip

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