Prostate Gland Picture and Function - Enlargement of Prostate Gland

The prostate gland is present only in males, and is about the size of a walnut.

From around the age of 40, the prostate gland slowly increases in size. The effect of this varies from man to man, with some having no symptoms at all, while others are seriously inconvenienced by the obstructive effects of the enlarging gland on the urinary flow.

It is estimated that about 50 per cent of men over the age of 60 will be affected by symptoms of prostate gland growth.

When symptoms occur, they can be local or generalized. Local symptoms include painful or frequent urination, a sudden decrease in size and force of the urinary stream or blood in the urine. There is weight loss and fatigue as the tumor progresses.

Types and condition of Prostate Glands

• Normal Prostate Glands- The prostate is a small gland about 2.5 cm (1 in) round which lies under the bladder in front of the rectum. It surrounds the first part of the urethra, the tube leading from the bladder through which urine and semen are transported out of the body. The outer part of the prostate gland produces secretions that form part of semen, and the inner part manufactures fluid that keeps the urethra moist.
• Enlarged Prostate Glands- Enlargement of the prostate gland is seen as a natural part of ageing. From the age of about 40 the prostate gland slowly begins to get bigger. It may constrict the urethra, making it difficult to urinate and to empty the bladder completely. Urine may collect in the bladder and stagnate and, if the condition is not treated, the urinary tract and kidneys may become infected.

Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), which is dysplasia of the epithelium lining prostate glands , is a probable precursor of prostatic carcinoma.

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