Cystine Kidney Stones

Cystine Kidney Stones can be prevented and indeed will dissolve slowly if there is obsessional attention to maintenance of a high fluid intake - 5 L of water must be drunk each 24 hours, and the patient must wake twice during the night to ingest 500 mL or more of water.

Many patients cannot tolerate this regimen. An alternative, though potentially more troublesome, option is the long-term use of the chelating agent penicillamine; this causes cystine to be converted to the more soluble penicillamine-cysteine complex.

Cause of Cystine Kidney Stones

This disease occurs in differing degrees of severity in people who have inherited either one or two abnormal genes. Humans have two copies of each gene. When both are abnormal, the condition is called homozygous for the disease. When one copy is normal and the other is abnormal, the condition is called heterozygous for the disease.

Symptom of Cystine Kidney Stones

The first symptom of a kidney stone usually is extreme pain. It may begin suddenly as a stone moves in the urinary tract, causing irritation or blockage. Typically, a person feels a sharp, cramping pain in the back and side around the area of the kidney, or in the lower abdomen. The pain may spread to the groin. Sometimes nausea and vomiting occur.

Side-effects include drug rashes, blood dyscrasias and immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis and are by no means uncommon. In addition, the drug is expensive. It is, however, especially effective in promoting dissolution of cystine stones already present.




Renel Disease
Renal function
Renal Function Test
Glomerular Filtration Rate
Renal Hypertension
Renal Vein Thrombosis
Renin Angiotensin System
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Hyperkalemia
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Renal Osteodystrophy
Peritonitis
Uraemia
Endothelin
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Natriuretic Peptide
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Polyarteritis Nodosa
Microscopic Polyangiitis
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Nephrotic Syndrome
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Analgesic Nephropathy
Renal Calculus
Hypercalciuria
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Hyperoxaluria
Bladder Stones
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Uric Acid Kidney Stones
Cystine Kidney Stones
Schistosoma Haematobium
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Renal Cell Carcinoma
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Von Hippel Lindau Disease

Glomerular Diseases
IGA Nephropathy
Goodpastures Syndrome
Henoch Schonlein Purpura
Hypertensive Encephalopathy
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Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
Alports Syndrome
Glomerulonephritis
Acute Glomerulonephritis
Membranous Glomerulonephritis
Post Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis

Urinary Tract Infection
Acute Pyelonephritis
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Dysuria Urethral Syndrome
Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis
Acute Bacterial Prostatitis
Retroperitoneal Fibrosis
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy



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Health Tip

When ulcer starts to form in the stomach or duodenum a burning pain will be felt just below the breast bone. Treatment of a peptic ulcer aims to heal the ulcer and to prevent it from recurring. Giving up smoking and cutting down on alcohol should ease symptoms.



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